Research Article
Echinacoside Upregulates Sirt1 to Suppress Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Inhibit Extracellular Matrix Degradation In Vitro and Ameliorates Osteoarthritis In Vivo
Figure 2
Effect of ECH on TBHP-mediated chondrocyte apoptosis. (a, b) Apoptotic chondrocytes were examined using TUNEL fluorescence immunocytochemistry (green). Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue) (bar: 50 μm). (c–f) The protein levels of Bcl-2, BAX, and cleaved caspase-3 in each group were detected. (g, h) The representative cleaved caspase-3 was detected by immunofluorescence combined with DAPI staining for nuclei (bar: 20 μm). The values represent (). , . TUNEL: terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling; DAPI: 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; TBHP: tert-Butyl hydroperoxide; ECH: Echinacoside.
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