Pretreatment with 6-Gingerol Ameliorates Sepsis-Induced Immune Dysfunction by Regulating the Cytokine Balance and Reducing Lymphocyte Apoptosis

Figure 1

Administration of 6-gingerol protected mice from septic death. (a) Schematic diagram for the model of polymicrobial sepsis. (b–d) Moderate sepsis in mice was induced using 26-gauge needles with two punctures on Day 0. (b) 6-Gingerol (50 μg) was treated at indicated times before CLP. (c) 6-Gingerol was i.p. injected into mice at indicated dose before CLP. (d) Mice were fed drinking water containing 3.5 μg/ml of 6-gingerol, while control mice were fed drinking water containing 0.01% ethanol every day for 7 days before CLP. (e) Mice were i.p. injected with control or 6-gingerol (50 μg). After 2 days, mice were subjected to severe CLP using 21-gauge needles with two punctures. (f, g) Sham mice were subjected to only laparotomy without CLP. Control or 6-gingerol (50 μg) treatment was i.p. injected into mice Day 2 before peritoneal injection with E. coli ( cells/mouse) (f) or with LPS (150 μg/mouse) (g). Mouse survival was monitored every 12 h for 7 days. Each group contained 10 to 15 mice, and results of two or three experiments were pooled. The curve comparison with the log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test revealed statistically significant differences as shown on the graph.

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