Pretreatment with 6-Gingerol Ameliorates Sepsis-Induced Immune Dysfunction by Regulating the Cytokine Balance and Reducing Lymphocyte Apoptosis

Figure 6

6-Gingerol modulated cytokine balance toward a proinflammatory pattern in secondary P. aeruginosa-infected mice. Mice were subjected to CLP and fed 6-gingerol. Survivors were challenged on Day 4 by intranasal instillation of P. aeruginosa (). (a–f) Following a second septic insult, evaluation of BAL cytokines, including IL-6 (a), IL-10 (b), MCP-1 (c), IFN-γ (d), TNF-α (e), and IL-12p70 (f), were measured 24 hours after instillation with the CBA kit. They were analyzed on a FACSCanto™ II (BD Biosciences) with FACSDiva software. (g, h) As an index of overall balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, the rate of IL-6 to IL-10 (g) and the rate of TNF-α to IL-10 (h) in BAL were calculated. Data are presented as the means of triplicate cultures. Results are representative of three independent experiments and expressed as the . Statistically significant differences are shown on the graph. NS: not significant.

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