Pretreatment with 6-Gingerol Ameliorates Sepsis-Induced Immune Dysfunction by Regulating the Cytokine Balance and Reducing Lymphocyte Apoptosis

Figure 7

T-cells from 6-gingerol-treated mice showed significant increases in IFN-γ production compared to control 4 days post-CLP. Mice were subjected to CLP and fed 6-gingerol. (a) Spleen cell numbers on Day 4 after CLP. (b) Annexin V expression on CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T-cells was analyzed by FACS. (c) Splenocytes harvested 4 days after CLP (prior to secondary injury) were evaluated by intracellular staining after ex vivo stimulation of splenocytes with PMA plus ionomycin as mentioned in the Materials and Methods. Data were analyzed on a FACSCanto™ II (BD Biosciences) with FACSDiva software. Representative flow plots showing the percentage of IFN-γ-producing CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T-cells among splenocytes in sham, control, or 6-gingerol-treated mice. Panel values indicate percentage of each cell population among total cells. (d) Number of CD4⁺IFN-γ⁺ (left panel) and CD8⁺IFN-γ⁺ (right panel) cells among splenocytes in sham, control, or 6-gingerol-treated mice. Results are representative of three independent experiments. Statistically significant differences are shown on the graph.

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