Phenolic Compounds of Red Wine Aglianico del Vulture Modulate the Functional Activity of Macrophages via Inhibition of NF-κB and the Citrate Pathway

Figure 7

RWP lowered ROS and NO^⋅ levels, restored by addition of exogenous malate and NADPH. Primary human monocytes were treated with LPS (L) in absence or in presence of RWP alone or plus malate and NADPH. Following 24 hours, ROS (a) and NO^⋅ (b) levels were evaluated and expressed as the percentage of unstimulated cells (set at 100%). of three replicate independent experiments with five replicates in each are shown. According to one-way ANOVA, differences in ROS (a) and NO^⋅ (b) levels were significant (). Therefore, Tukey’s post hoc test was performed, and different letters indicate significant differences between treatments at . C: control; L: LPS; R20: RWP 20 μg/mL; R200: RWP 200 μg/mL; M: malate; N: NADPH.

(a)

(b)