Peganum spp.: A Comprehensive Review on Bioactivities and Health-Enhancing Effects and Their Potential for the Formulation of Functional Foods and Pharmaceutical Drugs

Table 1

Distinctive morphological characteristics of Peganum species.

Morphological characteristics	P. harmala	P. multisectum	P. nigellestrum	References
Plant height	40-45 cm	20-65 cm	10-25 cm	[13, 24, 27, 28]
Stem and leaf surface	Glabrous	Sparse setose	Dense setose
Stem branching	Branched into 5-13 stems	Branched into 70-100 stem	Branched or without branched
Leaves	Palmatisected into 3-5 linear lobes; lobes 1.5-3.0 mm wide	Bi- or tripalmatisected into linear lobes; lobes 0.4-1.0 mm in width	Bi- or tripalmatisected into linear lobes; lobes 1.2-1.8 mm in width
Calyx leaves	Calyx leaves entire or slightly incised	Calyx leaves incised into 3 linear lobes	Calyx leaves incised into 5-7 linear lobes
Seed	Depressed surface	Convex surface	Smooth surface