PER2 Regulates Reactive Oxygen Species Production in the Circadian Susceptibility to Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in the Heart

Figure 2

Circadian differences in oxidative stress and energy metabolism. (a) Apoptotic cells were determined by TUNEL staining. Representative apoptotic cells of mouse hearts after I/R injury at ZT2 (left) and ZT14 (right). Magnified area of interest from mouse heart after I/R injury at ZT2 (up middle) and ZT14 (bottom middle). (b) Quantitative analysis of TUNEL cells (, ^&& vs. IR-ZT2, two-tailed Student’s -test). (c) ROS in the hearts of mice. Representative DHE staining of the peri-infarct area of mouse hearts after 24 h IR at ZT2 and ZT14 (left), quantitative analysis of ROS (middle) (, vs. sham-ZT2; ^# vs. sham-ZT14; ^& vs. IR-ZT2, two-tailed Student’s -tests). (d) ATP change in mouse hearts with I/R injury (, vs. sham-ZT2; ^## vs. sham-ZT14; ^&&&& vs. IR-ZT2, two-tailed Student’s -tests). Alpha was set as 0.05. Data are presented as the . The Holm-Sidak method was used to correct for multiple -tests.

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