Review Article
Natural Coumarins: Exploring the Pharmacological Complexity and Underlying Molecular Mechanisms
Table 1
Summarized biological activities of different type of coumarins.
| | Coumarin type | Example | Pharmacological activities |
| | Simple coumarins | Coumarin [33]
| Anti-inflammatory | Esculetin [34]
| Antioxidant
Anti-inflammatory
Anticancer
Neuroprotective | Ammoresinol [35]
| Antibacterial | Ostruthin [35]
| Antimicrobial | Osthole [36, 37]
| Antioxidant
Antimicrobial
Antitumor
Anticonvulsant
Antidiabetic | Novobiocin [38]
| Antibacterial | Coumermycin [39]
| Antibacterial | Chartreusin [40]
| Antibacterial
Anticancer | Fraxin [41]
| Antioxidant
Anticancer
Antiadipogenic | Umbelliferone [42]
| Antitubercular | Fraxidin [43]
| Antiadipogenic
Antihyperglycemic | Phellodenol A [44]
| Antitubercular | Esculin [45]
| Antiadipogenic |
| | Furano coumarins | Imperatorin [46]
| Anti-inflammatory
Antimicrobial
Anticancer
Anticonvulsant | Psoralen [17]
| Antifungal
Antituberculosis | Bergapten [45]
| Antituberculosis | Methoxsalen [47]
| Cytochrome P450 inhibitor |
| | Dihydrofurano coumarins | Anthogenol [48]
Felamidin [49]
Marmesin [42]
| Antibacterial
Antibacterial
Antituberculosis |
| | Linear type | Agasyllin [50]
Aegelinol benzoate [50]
Xanthyletin [42]
| Antibacterial
Antibacterial
Antituberculosis |
| | Angular type | Inophyllum A, B, C, E, P, G1, and G2 [51]
Calanolide A, B, and F [52]
(+)-Dihydrocalanolide A and B [53]
Pseudocordatolide C [54]
| Antiviral
Antiviral
Antiviral
Antiviral |
| | Bicoumarins | Dicumarol [55]
| Anticoagulant |
|
|
