Maternal Probiotic or Synbiotic Supplementation Modulates Jejunal and Colonic Antioxidant Capacity, Mitochondrial Function, and Microbial Abundance in Bama Mini-piglets

Table 4

Effect of maternal probiotic or synbiotic supplementation during gestation and lactation on piglets’ antioxidant-related gene expressions in the jejunum and colon.

Items^a	Dietary treatment				SEM	values
	Control	Antibiotic	Probiotic	Synbiotic
Jejunum
CAT	1.12	0.89	1.66	1.61	0.143	0.181
GPx1	1.05	1.38	1.62	1.67	0.093	0.049
GPx4	1.11	1.26	1.49	1.35	0.090	0.482
Keap1	1.02	0.93	1.09	1.12	0.036	0.305
CuZnSOD	1.09^b	1.01^b	1.26^ab	1.82^a	0.102	0.020
MnSOD	1.05	1.22	1.25	1.52	0.077	0.188
NQO1	1.18	1.49	1.18	1.29	0.142	0.875
Nrf1	1.02^b	0.95^b	1.06^ab	1.31^a	0.038	0.002
Nrf2	1.11^b	1.12^b	1.33^ab	1.63^a	0.072	0.032
Colon
CAT	1.05	0.74	0.82	0.78	0.049	0.076
GPx1	1.03	0.71	0.90	1.00	0.053	0.146
GPx4	1.08^a	0.38^b	0.90^ab	0.95^ab	0.087	0.020
Keap1	1.00	0.96	1.04	0.94	0.028	0.618
CuZnSOD	0.95	0.57	0.86	0.88	0.059	0.117
MnSOD	1.06	0.95	1.25	1.13	0.070	0.516
NQO1	1.15	0.64	0.87	1.20	0.109	0.269
Nrf1	1.02^a	0.77^b	0.93^ab	1.03^a	0.033	0.018
Nrf2	1.07^a	0.64^b	0.75^ab	0.73^ab	0.056	0.014

Data are expressed as means with SEM (). Means with different superscript letters in the same row were significantly different (). Values with no letters mean no statistically significant differences among the groups (). ^aCAT: catalase; GPx1: glutathione peroxidase 1; GPx4: glutathione peroxidase 4; Keap1: kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1; CuZnSOD: copper- and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase; MnSOD: manganese-containing superoxide dismutase; NQO1: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) dependency quinone oxidoreductase 1; Nrf1: nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 1; Nrf2: nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2.