Mitochondrial-Targeting Antioxidant SS-31 Suppresses Airway Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Induced by Cigarette Smoke

Figure 9

SS-31 inhibits CSE-induced inflammation and activation of MAPK signaling in BEAS-2B cells. (a) Cell viability was measured with CCK-8 following treatment with indicated concentrations of CSE ( per group). (b, c) Phosphorylated and total P38 protein levels ( per group). (d–f) IL-6 (d), TNF-α (e), and MMP9 (f) levels in BEAS-2B cell supernatant ( per group). , , and vs. control; ^#, ^##, and ^#### vs. ani+CSE; ^& and ^&& vs CSE; ^$, ^$$, and ani+SS-31+CSE vs. SS-31+CSE. Abbreviations: ani: anisomycin; CSE: cigarette smoke extract; P-P38: phosphorylated P38.

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