Plasma Small Extracellular Vesicle-Carried miRNA-501-5p Promotes Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Modulation-Mediated In-Stent Restenosis

Figure 2

The effect of plasma sEV from patients on vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration. (a) Primary human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC) were cultured in the presence of PKH26-labeled sEV. Representative confocal images showing the red sEV and the blue nuclei (DAPI) of HASMC. (b) Representative blots and quantified data showing the expression of vascular smooth muscle cell- (VSMC-) specific contractile marker (α-SMA and calponin) in HASMC treated with plasma sEV. (c) Representative confocal images showing immunofluorescent staining for VSMC-specific contractile marker (α-SMA, green) to determine VSMC identity. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). The VSMC proliferation was evaluated with Edu-positive cells (d) and MTT assay (e) in HASMC treated with plasma sEV. The VSMC migration was measured using Transwell (f) and wound healing assay (g) in HASMC treated with plasma sEV. (h) The reduced mRNA expression of VSMC-specific contractile markers (α-SMA and calponin) in CABI group (). Data are normalized to U6. (i) The further reduced mRNA expression of VSMC-specific contractile marker (α-SMA and calponin) in CABI rats treated with sEV (). Values are . and .

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)

(i)