Astaxanthin-Mediated Bacterial Lethality: Evidence from Oxidative Stress Contribution and Molecular Dynamics Simulation

<div>Comparative plots of alpha-carbon of (a) DNA gyrase A, (b) DNA gyrase B, (c) ParC, and (d) Par E, and astaxanthin and standard antibiotics (ciprofloxacin and novobiocin) presented as root mean square deviation (RMSD) over a 60 ns molecular dynamics simulation.</div>

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Figure 2

Figure 2: Astaxanthin-Mediated Bacterial Lethality: Evidence from Oxidative Stress Contribution and Molecular Dynamics Simulation 