Endothelial Dysfunction, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in COVID-19—Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets

Figure 1

Functions of vascular endothelium. Endothelium cells produced some vascular mediators/factors that accomplished the six major functions of normal endothelium (modulation of vascular permeability and vasomotor tone modulation, coagulation homeostasis, inflammation and immunity regulation, cell growth regulation, and oxidation of LDL cholesterol) by which the vascular homeostasis is maintained (adapted after [9]).