Apelin/APJ-Manipulated CaMKK/AMPK/GSK3β Signaling Works as an Endogenous Counterinjury Mechanism in Promoting the Vitality of Random-Pattern Skin Flaps

Figure 3

Apelin13 treatment protected the viability of HUVECs against OGD/R. (a, b) Immunofluorescence of Nrf2, HO-1, and SOD2 of HUVECs in all groups (scale bar: 20 μm) and fluorescence intensity quantification. (c, d) Representative images showing ROS levels and JC-1 intensity in the differentially treated and quantified groups. (e) Western blot bands and relative protein levels (Bcl2, Bax, Nrf2, HO-1, and SOD2). (g) The densitometric analysis of all Western blot bands was normalized to GAPDH. (f) CAT, GSH, and carbonylated protein levels in all groups of HUVECs were measured. independent experiments. “” means compared with the normal control group; “#” means compared with the OGD/R group; “@” means compared with the OGD/R+apelin13 group. , .

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