The Beneficial Effects of Edible Kynurenic Acid from Marine Horseshoe Crab (Tachypleus tridentatus) on Obesity, Hyperlipidemia, and Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice

Figure 6

Supplementation of KA modulated the composition in gut microbiota: (a) percent of community abundance at phylum level among the NC, HFD, SV, and KAH groups; (b) the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B ratio); (c) heatmap analysis with the genus level for NC, HFD, SV, and KAH groups. There were marked differences among the groups in the level of the two microbial phyla, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, which showed dominant for the gut microbial composition. KAH significantly inhibited HFD-induced the increase of F/B ratio. For HFD mice, the effect of KAH on F/B ratio was similar to that of SV. Compared to NC group, KA reversed HFD-caused the changes in some microbial genera. Data were represented as ( for NC group, for other groups). , , and vs. NC mice. # and ## vs. HFD mice.

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