Hydromorphone Protects against CO₂ Pneumoperitoneum-Induced Lung Injury via Heme Oxygenase-1-Regulated Mitochondrial Dynamics

Figure 4

The protective effects of hydromorphone on pneumoperitoneum-induced lung injury were abolished in mice transfected with HO-1-siRNA. (a) The in vivo transfection reagent and HO-1-siRNA or NC-siRNA were injected into C57BL/6 mice via the tail vein 48 h before experimental intervention. NS/hydromorphone was injected after stable blood pressure was achieved in anesthetized mice. CO₂ insufflation was then performed to induce lung injury in mice 15 min after NS/hydromorphone administration. (b) Immunofluorescence staining for and (c) the fluorescence intensity of HO-1 in the lung tissues of mice. The data are the . values were calculated by independent-samples -test ( per group). White arrows indicated positive staining areas of HO-1. Scale . (d) The expression levels of HO-1 were measured by western blot analysis ( per group). (e) Representative images of TUNEL staining and measurements of TUNEL-positive cells in lung sections. The data are the . values were calculated by independent-samples -test ( per group). White arrows indicated TUNEL-positive cells. Scale bar: 50 μm. (f) LDH activity in BALF from each group. The data are the . values are calculated by one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni correction ( per group). (g) Serum myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity ( per group). The data are the . values were calculated by one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni correction. (h–j) Relative total oxidative status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) ( per group). The data are the . All values were calculated by one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni correction.

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