Geniposide Attenuates Hyperglycemia-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation by Activating the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Experimental Diabetic Retinopathy

Figure 4

GEN inhibits NF-κB activation, Müller cell activation, and inflammatory secretion through the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway. Nrf2 siRNA transfection was used to knockdown Nrf2 expression, and scramble siRNA (Scr siRNA) was used as the negative control. GEN was administered to Müller cells 24 h prior to stimulation with HG. (a–c) The protein expression of HO-1 and NQO1 was measured by western blotting. vs. the HG group and ^# vs. the HG+GEN group. (d) ROS production was measured by an ROS assay kit. (e–h) The protein expression of IκBα, p-IκBα, P65, p-P65, and GFAP was measured by western blotting. vs. the HG group and ^# vs. the HG+GEN group. (i–k) ELISA was used to measure the protein levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in Müller cells. vs. the HG group and vs. the HG+GEN group. /group.

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