In Vitro Evaluation of the Toxicological Profile and Oxidative Stress of Relevant Diet-Related Advanced Glycation End Products and Related 1,2-Dicarbonyls

Figure 5

Free radical and antioxidant enzymes production upon application of 1,2-dicarbonyls. (a) Production of peroxide and peroxynitrite as measured by DHR fluorescence intensity. (b) Production of superoxide as measured by DHE fluorescence intensity. (c) Production of mitochondrial superoxide as measures by MitoSOX fluorescence intensity. (d) Representative western blot experiment. (e) Production of SOD1 as analyzed by quantification of western blot optical density. (f) Production of SOD2 as analyzed by quantification of western blot optical density. (g) Production of catalase as analyzed by quantification of western blot optical density. (h) Ratio between the production of SOD2 and catalase. Arbitrary 1.0 value was given to the WT group. Here, cell treatments consisted of 750 μM 3-DGal, 75 μM 3,4-DGE, 1 mM GO, and 500 μM MGO. Results are expressed as (). vs. CON, vs. CON, vs. CON.

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