The DNA Repair Enzyme XPD Is Partially Regulated by PI3K/AKT Signaling in the Context of Bupivacaine-Mediated Neuronal DNA Damage

Figure 3

The expression of the crucial NER pathway-associated repair enzyme XPD was significantly increased after exposure to bupivacaine in vivo and in vitro. The mRNA expression of XPD (a) was significantly increased in bupivacaine-treated cells compared with control cells at different time points, especially at 12 h ((a) ; , ), and the protein expression of XPD was also significantly increased at different time points, especially at 24 h ((b, c) ; and vs. the control group). The expression of XPD in spinal cord tissue was significantly increased in the rat spinal neurotoxicity model compared with the control group (Western blotting: (d, e) ; ; immunohistochemistry: (f, g) ; ). The in vivo data are presented as the .

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