Review Article
Insight into Crosstalk between Ferroptosis and Necroptosis: Novel Therapeutics in Ischemic Stroke
Table 3
Pharmacotherapies against CIRI targeting ferroptosis and necroptosis. BBCAO/R: bilateral common carotid artery occlusion and reperfusion.
| Pharmacotherapy | Subject | Effect | References |
| Ferroptosis | | | | Metformin | BBCAO/R rats | Reduces GPX, SOD, MDA, and catalase levels | [191] | Galangin | MCAO/R gerbils | Increases the expression of SLC7A11 and GPX4; hippocampal neuron protection | [192] | Xinshao formula | MCAO/R rats | Increases the activity of SOD and GPX4; decreases the activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase and the content of NO, ROS, and MDA | [196] | Carthamin yellow | MCAO/R rats | Decreases Fe (II) and ROS accumulation and MDA lever; increases GSH and GPX4 lever | [110] | Edaravone | MCAO/R rats | Reduces ROS generation, cerebral infarct size, and neurological defects | [198] | Necroptosis | | | | Cyclosporine-A | BBCAO/R rats | Inhibits MPTP opening; reduces RIP1 and RIP3 levels | [199] | Nec-1 | MCAO/R rats | Suppresses RIP1-RIP3 interaction and RIP3 activation; decreases the dead rate of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region | [200] | β-Caryophyllene | OGD/R neuron cell; MCAO/R mice | Decreases TNF-α, IL-1β, and toll-like receptor 4 levels; decreases RIP1 and RIP3 expression and MLKL phosphorylation | [202] | Emricasan+ponatinib | MCAO/R rats | Decreases RIP1, RIP3, and MLKL expression; reduces the activity of caspase-8 | [203] |
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