Research Article
Empagliflozin Enhances Autophagy, Mitochondrial Biogenesis, and Antioxidant Defense and Ameliorates Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion in Nondiabetic Rats
Figure 5
The effect of empagliflozin on inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress. I/R injury was associated with a significant increase in the tissue levels of MDA (&&&), ILlβ (&&&), and TNF-α (&&&). Empagliflozin significantly decreased the tissue levels of MDA (), ILlβ (), and TNF-α ().