Four-Octyl Itaconate Protects Chondrocytes against H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-Induced Oxidative Injury and Attenuates Osteoarthritis Progression by Activating Nrf2 Signaling

<div>OI alleviated H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-stimulated oxidative injury and programmed necrosis in primary murine chondrocytes. Primary murine chondrocytes were added with OI (25 <i>μ</i>M) or vehicle control (“Veh”), followed by H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (300 <i>μ</i>M) stimulation. ROS production (a, b), superoxide level (c), the GSH/GSSG ratio (d), and lipid peroxidation (e) were assessed using the corresponding assays. Mitochondrial CypD-p53-ANT-1 association (“Mito-IP”, f), cytochrome C (“Cyto-C”) release (g, testing cytosolic proteins), and mitochondrial depolarization (h, i) were measured. 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Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

fig3

Figure 3

Figure 3: Four-Octyl Itaconate Protects Chondrocytes against H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-Induced Oxidative Injury and Attenuates Osteoarthritis Progression by Activating Nrf2 Signaling 

Figure 3 | Four-Octyl Itaconate Protects Chondrocytes against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Injury and Attenuates Osteoarthritis Progression by Activating Nrf2 Signaling 