Carica papaya L. Leaves: Deciphering Its Antioxidant Bioactives, Biological Activities, Innovative Products, and Safety Aspects

Table 1

Antioxidant activities of Carica papaya L. leaf extract.

Type of extract	Method used	Responsible phytochemicals	References
Methanol	Peroxynitrite scavenging assay	Kaempferol 3-(2G-rhamnosylrutinoside)	[41]
Ethanol, methanol, and water	DPPH, FRAP	Flavanoids	[44]
Methanol	DPPH	Carpaine, kaempferol 3-(2G-glucosylrutinoside), kaempferol 3-(2-rhamnosylgalactoside), 7-rhamnoside, kaempferol 3-rhamnosyl-(1->2)-galactoside-7-rhamnoside, luteolin 7-galactosyl-(1->6)-galactoside, orientin 7-O-rhamnoside, 11-hydroperoxy-12,13-epoxy-9-octadecenoic acid, palmitic amide, and 2-hexaprenyl-6-methoxyphenol	[25]
Methanol	DPPH	—	[45]
n-Hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol, n-butanol, and water	DPPH	Phenolics and flavonoids	[46]
Aqueous	DPPH, ABTS	Polyphenols	[5]
Methanol	Phosphomolybdenum method	Flavonoids	[47]
Aqueous	DPPH, ABTS^+ assay	Proteins and phenolic groups	[39]