Protective Effects of Cinnamaldehyde on the Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Response, and Apoptosis in the Hepatocytes of Salmonella Gallinarum-Challenged Young Chicks

Figure 2

S. gallinarum colonization (CFU/g of hepatic tissue) in the chicken hepatocytes and attenuating effect of cinnamaldehyde at 1, 3, and 5 DPI. The control group is denoted by (CON), S. gallinarum-challenged group by (SG), and S. gallinarum-challenged, and the cinnamaldehyde treated group is represented by (SG+CA). Data are expressed as the of three independent experiments. Significances were determined by a nonparametric test ().