Research Article
Ketone Body β-Hydroxybutyrate Prevents Myocardial Oxidative Stress in Septic Cardiomyopathy
Figure 4
β-OHB alleviated oxidative stress and improved mitochondrial function via HDAC inhibition in MCM-treated H9C2 cells. (a) ITSA1 (HDAC activator) and entinostat (HDAC inhibitor) were used in this study. (b) Representative fluorescent images of H9C2 cells stained with MitoSOX red to assess the mitochondrial ROS generation after the indicated treatments ( per group). Scale μm. The nuclei were visualized with Hoechst staining. Scale μm. (c). The fluorescence intensity of MitoSOX-stained H9C2 cells after the indicated treatments ( per group). (d). Representative MitoSOX flow cytometry analysis in H9C2 cells after the indicated treatments ( per group). (e and f) The oxygen consumption rate (OCR) curve in the presence of pyruvate and L-glutamine in H9C2 cells after the indicated treatments (e), and the basal respiration and spare respiratory capacity (OCRFCCP−OCRbasal) (f) ( per group). Oligo: Oligomycin A; A.A./Rot: antimycin A and rotenone. Data are presented as the . Statistical comparisons were conducted by one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (c and f). The exact values are reported for the indicated comparisons, and indicates statistical significance. and for the indicated comparisons.
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