Rutin and Quercetin Counter Doxorubicin-Induced Liver Toxicity in Wistar Rats via Their Modulatory Effects on Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Nrf2

Table 7

Liver p53, TNF-α, and Nrf2 in normal rats and in rats injected with DXR (without and with the supplementation of rutin and/or quercetin).

Parameter
Group	p53 (% area)	TNF-α (% area)	Nrf2 (% area)
Normal control
DXR-injected control group	^++	^++	^++
DXR-injected group supplemented with rutin	^$$		^$$
DXR-injected group supplemented with quercetin			^$$
DXR-injected group treated with rutin and quercetin
probability

Values are (). ⁺, ⁺⁺: the DXR-injected control group vs. normal control. , : the DXR-injected groups treated with rutin and/or quercetin vs. DXR-injected control group. ^$, ^$$: the DXR-injected groups treated with rutin or quercetin alone vs. DXR-injected group treated with rutin and quercetin mixture.