Review Article
PM2.5 Exposure and Asthma Development: The Key Role of Oxidative Stress
Table 1
The effects of traditional Chinese medicine on asthma.
| Categories | Monomers | Animal species | Related signaling pathway | References |
| Polyphenols | Curcumin | BALB/c mice | MAPK/NF-κB↓ | [123] | Zingerone | BALB/c mice | AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1↑ | [119] | Resveratrol | Sprague Dawley rats | HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB↓ | [124] | Resveratrol | Sprague Dawley rats | Keap-1/Nrf2↑ | [125] | Luteolin | BALB/c mice | PI3K/Akt/mTOR↑ | [126] | Quercetin | BALB/c mice | GATA-3↓ and T-bet↑ | [127] |
| Flavonoids | Diosmetin | BALB/c mice | MMP-9, TGF-β1, VEGF↓ | [128] | Galangin | BALB/c mice | TGF-β1-ROS-MAPK↓ | [129] | Icariin | Sprague Dawley rats | GATA-3↓ and T-bet↑ NF-κB↓ | [120] |
| Alkaloids | Ginsenoside Rh1 | BALB/c mice | Eotaxin, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-33↓ IL-12 and IFN-γ↑ | [130] | Ligustrazine | C57BL/6J mice | GATA-3↓ and T-bet↑ RORγt↓ | [131] | Matrine | BALB/c mice | NF-κB↓ | [122] |
| Terpenoids | Andrographolide | BALB/c mice | NF-κB↓ | [132] |
| Anthraquinones | Emodin | Sprague Dawley rats | NF-κB↓ | [133] |
| Diterpene quinones | Cryptotanshinone | BALB/c mice | p38 MAPK and NF-κB↓ | [134] |
| Iridoids | Catalpol | BALB/c mice | TGF-β1 and EGF↓ | [135] |
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