The Beneficial Effects of Chinese Herbal Monomers on Ameliorating Diabetic Cardiomyopathy via Nrf2 Signaling

Table 1

Mechanisms of diverse signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of DCM.

Signaling pathway	Mechanism
NF-κB signaling pathway	Increase inflammation and apoptosis
AMPK signaling pathway	Improve utilization of glucose; Maintain energy homeostasis; Decrease lipid accumulation, ROS production, and inflammation
Akt signaling pathway	Regulate insulin signaling; Decrease apoptosis
MAPK signaling pathway	Regulate insulin signaling; Lead growth and remodeling responses; Increase inflammation
TGF-β signaling pathway	Increase fibrosis and apoptosis