The Beneficial Effects of Chinese Herbal Monomers on Ameliorating Diabetic Cardiomyopathy via Nrf2 Signaling

Table 2

Mechanisms behind Chinese herbal monomers ameliorate DCM based on Nrf2.

Reference	Author	Component	Experiment	Mechanism
[43]	Eman M Abdelsamia	Curcumin	In vivo	Upregulate Nrf2, HO-1
[44]	Mustafa S Atta	Thymoquinone	In vivo	Upregulate Nrf2, SOD; Downregulate iNOS, NO
[47]	Guan Wang	Resveratrol	In vivo	Upregulate Nrf2, HO-1, SOD, NQO1
[48]	Z Dong	Gastrodin	In vitro	Upregulate Nrf2, SOD, CAT
[49]	Jialin Duan	Aralia taibaiensis	In vitro	Upregulate Nrf2, SOD, GSH
[51]	Rodrigo L Castillo	Quercetin	In vivo	Upregulate Nrf2, HO-1, SOD, PGC-1α
[45]	Raish Mohammad	Sinapic acid	In vivo	Upregulate GPX, SOD, CAT, IκB-α/β, Nrf2, HO-1; Downregulate TNF-α, IL-6, NF-κB
[69]	Yonggang Lian	Chrysophanol	In vivo	Upregulate Nrf2, HO-1; Downregulate IL-6, IL-18, IL-1β, TNF-α, ICAM-1, VCAM-1
[70]	Xuemei Chen	Kaempferol	In vitro	Upregulate Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1, SOD, IκB-α; Downregulate TNF-α, IL-6
[71]	Ershun Liang	Andrographolide	In vivo	Upregulate SOD, Nrf2, HO-1, IκB-α; Downregulate p65, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, Bax/Bc12
[72]	Hao Li	Piceatannol	In vitro	Upregulate Bc12, Nrf2, HO-1, SOD, IκB-α; Downregulate Bax, p65, caspase3
[74]	Huo Yan	Scutellarin	In vivo	Upregulate SOD, CAT, GPX, GST, Nrf2, NQO1, HO-1, IκB-β; Downregulate Keap1, TLR4, Myd88, p50, IL-6, TNF-α
[75]	Zhou Xu	Bixin	In vivo	Upregulate Nrf2, SOD, HO-1, CAT; Downregulate TLR4, Myd88, IκB-α, NF-κB
[77]	Li Li	Luteolin	In vivo	Upregulate Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1; Downregulate IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, ICAM, VCAM
[8]	Li Ran	Bailcalin	In vivo	Upregulate AMPKα, SOD, CPT-1, PGC1-α, GSH, Nrf2; Downregulate ANP, BNP, β-MHC, ACC, GSSG
[93]	Fawang Du	Notoginsenoside R1	In vitro	Upregulate Nrf2, HO-1, AMPK; Downregulate ANP, BNP
[95]	Ramoji Kosuru	Pterostilbene	In vivo	Upregulate SOD, CAT, GSH, GPX, PGC-1α, Nrf2, HO-1, AMPK; Downregulate IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB, TLR4, NLRP3
[96]	Cuihua Zhao	Fortunellin	In vivo	Upregulate SOD, Nrf2, HO-1, AMPK; Downregulate TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, NF-κB, Keap1
[97]	J Z Altamimi	Ellagic acid	In vivo	Upregulate GSH, SOD, Nrf2, SIRT1; Downregulate BNP, TNF-α, IL-6
[100]	Yiqiu Cao	Z-ligustilide	In vitro	Upregulate AMPK, Nrf2, SOD; Downregulate GSK3β
[113]	Lijiao Xu	Scutellarin	In vivo	Upregulate Nrf2, HO-1, Akt
[110]	Sai Ma	Resveratrol	In vivo	Upregulate Nrf2, SIRT1; Downregulate ANP, BNP
[114]	Hongyang Liu	Spiraeoside	In vitro	Upregulate Akt, Nrf2, HO-1, Bcl2, SOD, GPX, CAT; Downregulate caspase3, caspase7, Bax
[117]	Bin Zhang	Myricitrin	In vitro	Upregulate Nrf2, HO-1, γ-GCS, NQO1, Akt; Downregulate GSK3β
[116]	Jialin Duan	Butin	In vivo	Upregulate SOD, Nrf2, HO-1, Akt; Downregulate Keap1, GSK3β, Fyn
[118]	Xuemei Gu	Isoliquiritigenin	In vitro	Upregulate Nrf2, HO-1; Downregulate TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, VCAM-1, MCP-1, JNK, ERK, p38
[124]	Qitong Lu	Hinokinin	In vivo	Upregulate Nrf2, HO-1, SOD; Downregulate Keap1, JNK1, ERK1/2, p38
[125]	Jing Ni	Salidroside	In vitro	Upregulate Nrf2, HO-1; Downregulate ERK, JNK, p38
[133]	Hai-Han Liao	Myricetin	In vivo	Upregulate Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1, SOD; Downregulate collagen I, collagen III, fibronectin, CTGF, Smad3, TGF-β
[134]	Wenshuai Ma	Bakuchiol	In vitro	Upregulate Nrf2, SOD, GPX; Downregulate collagen I, collagen III, α-SMA, TGF-β, Smad3
[136]	Yin Ying	Phloretin	In vivo	Upregulate Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1; Downregulate TGF-β, collagen I, CTGF
[138]	A S Alshehri	Kaempferol	In vivo	Upregulate Nrf2, GSH, Bcl2; Downregulate TGF-β1, Bax
[40]	Bin Zhang	Notoginsenoside R1	In vivo	Upregulate Nrf2, HO-1, γ-GCS, NQO1, Smurf2; Downregulate TGF-β, collagen I, Bax/Bc12, caspase-3, caspase-9, Smad2/3
[142]	Guangru Li	Syringaresinol	In vivo	Upregulate Nrf2, NQO1, HO-1, SOD; Downregulate TGF-β, fibronectin, α-SMA, Smad2/3, Bax/Bc12, Keap1