Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles Alleviate Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Damage through Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Mitophagy

Figure 8

Effects of SeNPs on the PERK and AMPK signaling pathways. (a) The protein expression level of GRP78 was detected by Western blot analysis. (b) The expression levels of PERK signaling pathway were detected by Western blot analysis. (c) The expression levels of p-AMPK, AMPK, mTOR, and p-mTOR were detected by Western blot analysis. (d) The expression levels of ULK1, Beclin1, and SQSTM1 were detected by Western blot analysis. (e) The expression level of LC3B-II/LC3B-I was detected by Western blot analysis. (f) The expression level of PINK1 and Parkin was detected by Western blot analysis. All data are presented as the of three independent experiments. and . SeNPs: selenium nanoparticles; TM: tunicamycin; XBP1: X-box binding protein 1; GRP78: glucose-regulated protein 78; PERK: protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase; eIF2α: eukaryotic initiation factor 2; ATF4: activating transcription factor 4; AMPK: AMP-activated kinase; mTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin, ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy; SQSYM1: sequestosome-1; LC3B: microtubule-associated protein light chain 3; PINK1: PTEN-induced kinase 1.

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