A Comparison of the Antiosteoporotic Effects of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Extracts from Red and Yellow Fruits Containing Different Constituents of Polyphenols and Iridoids in Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts

Table 1

Identification and content (mg/100 g dw) of main compounds of extracts from red (RED EXT1) and yellow (YL EXT2 and YL EXT3) cornelian cherry fruits by using LC-MS and HPLC.

Compound	UV λmax	MS^1	MS^2; Other ions	RED EXT1	YL EXT2	YL EXT3
	(nm)	(m/z)	(m/z)	Mg/100 g DW
IRIDOIDS
Loganic acid	245	375	213
Sweroside	245	403	195		0.00
Loganin	245	435	227		0.00
Cornuside	245/273	541	169		0.00
Total iridoids				16873.62	22052.09	27692.19
ANTHOCYANINS
Delphinidin 3-O-galactoside	524	463+	303+		0.00	0.00
Cyanidin 3-O-galactoside	515	449+	287+		0.00	0.00
Cyanidin 3-O-robinobioside	516	595+	287+		0.00	0.00
Pelargonidin 3-O-galactoside	501	433+	271+		0.00	0.00
Pelargonidin 3-O-robinobioside	501	579+	271+		0.00	0.00
Cyanidin	523	287+			0.00	0.00
Pelargonidin	509	271+			0.00	0.00
Total anthocyanins				3478.42	0.00	0.00
PHENOLIC ACIDS
Gallic acid	272	169		0.00		0.00
Trans-caftaric acid	326	311	179/149
Caftaric acid isomer	326	311	179/149
Coutaric acid isomer	312	295	163/149
p-Coumaric acid	310	163			0.00
Ellagic acid	254	301			0.00
Total phenolic acids				1176.18	913.07	3526.19
FLAVONOLS
Quercetin 3-O-glucuronide	354	477	301		0.00
Quercetin 3-O-glucoside	353	463	301		0.00	0.00
Kaempferol 3-O-galactoside	348	447	285		0.00	0.00
Kaempferol 3-O-glucuronide	351	461	285		0.00	0.00
Total flavonols				593.18	0.00	816.52
HYDROLYSABLE TANNINS
Total gemin D isomers	265	633	301/275/249/169	903.33	0.00	1024.41
Tellimagrandin I	267	785	633/301/275/249/169	276.11	0.00	437.58
Tellimagrandin II	271	937	785/633/301/275/249/169	595.47	0.00	0.00
Total camptothin A isomers	264	708^-2, 1417	1247/783/633/301	2294.22	0.00	2699.29
Total cornusiin A isomers	273	784^-2, 1569	935/633/313/301	8503.24	0.00	3385.07
Total cornusiin C isomers	268	1176^-2, 2353	786/633/451/301	4249.05	0.00	1551.42
Total hydrolysable tannins				16821.42	0.00	9097.77

Abbreviations: (dw): dry weight; (HPLC): high-performance liquid chromatography; (LC-MS): liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; (m/z): mass-to-charge ratio.