Chitosan Oligosaccharides Alleviate H₂O₂-stimulated Granulosa Cell Damage via HIF-1α Signaling Pathway

Figure 4

COS inhibited oxidative stress in H₂O₂-stimulated KGN cells. (a) The protein expressions of 4-HNE and 8-OHdG after COS treatment. (b) The statistics histogram of western blotting is expressed as band density normalized versus actin. (c) Influence of COS on cellular GSH. (d) The cellular production of ROS determined by a fluorescent probe. (e) The statistics histogram of immunofluorescence expressed fluorescent intensity. Data are presented as the (). , , or vs. the control group; ^#, ^##, or ^### vs. the H₂O₂ group. Scale bar: 100 μm.

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