Alternate-Day Ketogenic Diet Feeding Protects against Heart Failure through Preservation of Ketogenesis in the Liver

Figure 5

Alternate-day KD feeding protected the heart against heart failure. (a) Alternate-day KD feeding restored body weight in TAC mice but showed no significant effects in sham mice. (b–d) Alternate-day KD feeding increased β-OHB content in both sham and TAC mice (b), cardiac systolic function in TAC mice (c), and cardiac diastolic function in TAC mice (d). (e–h) Alternate-day KD feeding decreased heart weight (e), heart weight/body weight (f), cardiac fibrosis (g), and the cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes (h) in TAC mice. (i, j) Alternate-day KD feeding showed no significant effects on weight (i), steatosis, and lipid deposition (j) in the liver of TAC mice. (k) Alternate-day KD feeding increased CD36 and HMGCL content in the liver of TAC mice. (l) Cardiac ROS levels in sham and TAC mice. (m) Cardiac expressions of SOD2, GPX1, and catalase in sham and TAC mice. . ; ; .

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)

(i)

(j)

(k)

(l)

(m)