Reactive Oxygen Species are Essential for Placental Angiogenesis During Early Gestation

Figure 6

Moderate ROS levels stimulate the proliferation and angiogenesis of HUVECs. (a) CCK-8 assay of HUVECs treated with various doses of H₂O₂. (b) HUVECs were treated with 1 μM H₂O₂ alone or with 0.1 μM MitoQ for 24 h and then subjected to staining with the DCFH-DA probe. (c) HUVECs were treated with 1 μM H₂O₂ alone or in combination with 0.1 μM MitoQ, 10 μM MK2206 (AKT inhibitor), or 10 μM FR180204 (ERK1/2 inhibitor) for 24 h, and then AKT and ERK signaling were detected using Western blotting. (d) Cell counts determined using the CCK-8 assay. (e) Tube formation by HUVECs after treatment with 1 μM H₂O₂ for 6 h in the presence and absence of antioxidants, AKT inhibitor (MK2206), or ERK1/2 inhibitor (FR180204). The statistical analysis of the mesh count and mean mesh size are shown below. Scale bars: 400 μm. samples per group. Data in bar graphs are presented as the . The data were analyzed using one-way repeated-measures ANOVA, followed by Sidak’s multiple comparison tests. , , and .

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