Inhibition of Xanthine Oxidase Protects against Sepsis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Ameliorating Renal Hypoxia

Figure 3

The inhibition of XO improves hypoxia and ROS production in the kidneys of SI-AKI mice. (a, b) Intracellular hypoxia in the kidneys of SI-AKI mice was detected by an immunofluorescence assay using a hypoxia probe (400x magnification). (c, d) Detection of HIF-1α protein expression in mouse renal homogenates by western blot. (e, f) The ROS level of kidney tissues was captured by CLSM at 24 h after LPS injection (dihydroethidium fluorescent staining, 400x magnification). (g, h) Intracellular hypoxia in the kidneys of SI-AKI mice after the knockdown of XO was captured by CLSM (400x magnification). (i, j) HIF-1α protein expression in SI-AKI mouse renal homogenates after downregulation of XO by western blot. (k, l) ROS levels in SI-AKI mouse renal tissue after the knockdown of XO were assessed using CLSM.  μm. , , and vs. control; ^#, ^##, and ^### vs. LPS+Veh or LPS+Ctrl-shR (). Ctrl: control; Veh: vehicle; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; Feb: febuxostat; HIF: hypoxia-inducible factor; ROS: reactive oxygen species.

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