Curcumin Enhanced Ionizing Radiation-Induced Immunogenic Cell Death in Glioma Cells through Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signaling Pathways

Figure 3

Curcumin enhanced IR-induced ICD by activating ER stress. (a) Curcumin increased the expressions of ER stress-related proteins in normoxic and hypoxic glioma. Cells were irradiated with 10 Gy/25 Gy IR after treatment with or without 30 μM curcumin for 24 h, and then, indicated protein expressions were assessed by WB. (b) Cell apoptosis was assessed with or without pretreatment with 2 μM GSK2606414 or 10 μM 4u8c for 1 h before irradiation. (c) Calreticulin exposure was analyzed by flow cytometry. , , and vs. control; ^# and ^## vs. IR.

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