G-Protein Coupled Receptor 35 Induces Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Mediating the Influx of Calcium Ions and Upregulating Reactive Oxygen Species

Figure 5

ROS causes a positive feedback loop of GPR35 upregulation. (a)–(c) With an increase in H₂O₂ concentration or time exposure, GPR35 significantly increased in human NPCs with gene or protein analysis. (d) When ROS that was caused by mechanical stress was neutralized by NAC, GPR35 significantly decreased with gene or protein analysis. (e) FCM shows that inhibition of GPR35 significantly reduced the influx of Ca²⁺ caused by H₂O₂ exposure in NPCs. (The data are shown as the . and for comparisons between two groups. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test were used for statistical analysis among three groups).

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