Artemisia spp.: An Update on Its Chemical Composition, Pharmacological and Toxicological Profiles

Table 1

Essential oil composition of the Artemisia genus from different geographical regions (2017–2021).

Plant species	Parts used	Chemical composition	Region/country	References
Artemisia absinthium L.	L	Camphor; E-caryophyllene; eucalyptol; germacrene D; α-cadinol	Brazil	[39]
Artemisia anethoides Mattf.	AP	1,8-Cineole; terpinen-4-ol; 2-isopropyltoluene; pinocarveol	China	[40]
Artemisia annua L.	AP	Artemisia ketone; α-caryophyllene; germacrene D	China	[41]
	AP, F, L	(E)-β-Farnesene; germacra-4(15),5,10(14)-trien-1-ol; Artemisia alcohol 3-methyl butanoate; yomogi alcohol; Artemisia alcohol 3-phenylpropionate; Artemisia alcohol 2-methyl butanoate; α-copaene; artemisia alcohol; 1,8-cineol	Russia	[42]
Artemisia arborescens (Vaill.) L.	F, L	β-Thujone, camphor, terpinen-4-ol, germacrene D, chamazulene	Italy	[43]
Artemisia argyi H. Lév. & Vaniot	L	α-Thujone; bornanone; terpinen-4-ol; cis-2-menthenol; borneol; cis-sabino; α-terpineol; β-caryophyllene; caryophyllene oxide; neointermedeol	China	[44]
Artemisia campestris L.	—	β-Pinene; cadin-4-en-7-ol; Z-β-ocimene; γ-terpinene	Portugal	[45]
	AP	β-Pinene; α-pinene; myrcene; germacrene D; (Z)-β-ocimene; γ-curcumene	Algeria	[46]
	AP	β-Pinene; spathulenol; α-pinene; limonene; o-cymene	Morocco	[47]
	L, S	β-Pinene; 2-undecanone; limonene; benzene; α-pinene; 1,4-cyclohexadiene; β-myrcene; 2-naphthalenemethnol; 2-decanone	Tunisia	[48]
Artemisia dracunculus L.	AP	p-Allylanisole; ocimene (e)-β; ocimene (z)-β; limonene	Iran	[49]
	L	Methyl eugenol; elemicin; isoelemicin; (Z)-methyl isoeugenol	Poland	[50]
Artemisia gmelinii Weber ex Stechm.	—	γ-Amorphene; isohumbertiol B; caryophyllene oxide; caryophylla-4 (12), 8(13)-diene-5α-ol; ylangenol; caryophyllene; cabrevia oxide B	Russia	[51]
	AP	Cyclobutane ethanol; endo-borneol; germacrene D; eucalyptol; selin-6-en-4α-ol; bisabolone oxide A; caryophyllene; terpinen-4-ol	China	[52]
	AP	Phellandrene; ascaridole; α-terpinolene; isoascaridole; benzyl isovalerate	India	[53]
Artemisia herba-alba Asso	AP	cis-Thujone; trans-thujone; vanillyl alcohol; nordavanone; cis, threo-davanafuran	Morocco	[54]
	AP	3-Thujanone a; 3-thujanone b; camphor	Sweden	[55]
	L	α-Thujone; germacrene D; 1,8-cineole; β-thujone	Tunisia	[56]
Artemisia jordanica Danin	L	2,3-Dehydro-1,8-Cineole; camphene; endo-borneol; bornyl acetate; geranyl isovalerate	Palestine	[57]
Artemisia judaica L.	AP	Methyl pentanoate; (E)-salvene; santolina triene; allyl isovalerate; α-pinene; β-citronellene; camphene; benzaldehyde; myrcene; mesitylene; yomogi alcohol; 1,4-cineol; α-terpinene; artemisia ketone; 2,6-dimethyl phenol; chrysanthenone; camphor; artemisyl acetate; piperitone; (Z)-ethyl cinnamate; (E)-ethyl cinnamate; germacrene D; davanone	Jordan	[58]
	AP	Butanoic acid; β-linalool; 2-cyclohexen-1-one, 3-methyl-6-(1-methylethyl); acenaphthene; davana ether	Saudi Arabia	[59]
Artemisia magellanica Sch.Bip.	AP	γ-Costol; (Z)-en-yn-dicycloether; α-selinene; selina-4,11-diene (eudesma-4,11-diene); (E)-β-farnesene; 2-methylbutyl 2-methylbutyrate; (Z)-β-ocimene	Argentina	[60]
Artemisia monosperma Delile	AP	Spathulenol; cloven; β-linalool; α-citral; geranyl acetate; isohomogenol; benzene, 1,2-dimethoxy-4-(1-propenyl); caryophyllene; aristolene; 2-propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-ethyl ester	Saudi Arabia	[59]
	L	β-Pinene; limonene; cis-β-ocimene; α-terpinolene; cis-sabinene hydrate; bornyl acetate	Saudi Arabia	[61]
Artemisia nilagirica (C.B.Clarke) Pamp.	AP	β-Thujone; germacrene-D; β-thujone; caryophyllene; caryophyllene oxide; borneol	India	[62]
Artemisia pedemontana Balb.	F, L	α-Pinene; camphene; p-cymene; 1,8-cineole; linalool; camphor; borneol; terpinen-4-ol; viridiflorol; 1-α-terpineol	Spain	[63]
Artemisia persica Boiss.	AP	Laciniata furanone E; artedouglasia oxide C; pinocarvone; trans-pinocarveol; α-pinene; 1,8-cineole; artedouglasia oxide B and D	Iran	[64]
Artemisia sieversiana Ehrh.	AP	Santolina triene; α-thujone; eucalyptol; α-sabinene; trans-2-menthen-1-ol; α-selinene, caryophyllene epoxide	China	[65]
Artemisia tournefortiana Rchb.	—	cis-Spiroether; Z-β-farnesene; trans-nerolidol; camphor	India	[66]
Artemisia scoparia Waldst. & Kitam.	AP	Spathulenol; acenaphthene; davana ether; 2-propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-ethyl ester	Saudi Arabia	[59]
Artemisia sieberi Besser	AP	Acenaphthene; 2-cyclohexen-1-one, 3-methyl-6-(1-methylethyl)	Saudi Arabia	[59]
Artemisia vulgaris L.	AP	Caryophyllene; humulene; germacrene D; borneol; caryophyllene oxide	Brazil	[67]
	AP	Germacrene D; 1,8-cineole; β-pinene; sabinene; cis-thujone; β-caryophyllene; caryophyllene oxide; α-humulene; davanone	Lithuania	[68]

AP: areal part; L: leaves; F: flowers; —: not reported.