Review Article
Potential Role of Phytochemical Extract from Saffron in Development of Functional Foods and Protection of Brain-Related Disorders
Table 2
Pharmaceutical properties of saffron.
| Compounds | Bioactive constituent | In vivo/in vitro | Pharmacological functions | References |
| Carotenoid | Crocin | Mice | Neuroprotective | [22] | Crocin and crocetin | Rat | Neuroprotective | [58] | Crocetin | Human | Antifatigue | [59] | Crocin | — | Anti-Alzheimer | [60] | Crocin | Human | Antischizophrenia | [61] | Monoterpene aldehydes | — | Human | Antidepressant | [23] | Safranal | Mice | Anticonvulsant | [24] | Picrocrocin | — | Antiproliferative | [62] | Picrocrocin | — | Anticancer | [63] | Monoterpenoids | Crocusatin D | — | Withdrawal syndrome, depression, spatial memory | [64] | Crocusatin F | Crocusatin G | Crocusatin H | Crocusatin E | Crocusatin I | Isophorones | Isomer of isophorone | Mice | Parkinson disease | [64] | Isophorone | Hyperglycaemia–glucose uptake/metabolism | General saffron extract | Crocin, crocetin, safranal, and picrocrocin | Mice | Anticancer effects, atherosclerosis, myocardial ischaemia, cardioprotection, anxiety, and insomnia | [64] |
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