Aβ1–40 Oligomers Trigger Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation through TLR4- and NADPH Oxidase-Dependent Pathways in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Figure 7

TLR4 mediates NETs formation through Aβ1–40 oligomers. (a) Neutrophils were incubated with PMA (200 nM), Aβ1–40 oligomers (10 μM), LPS (10 mg/ml), or the control for 4 h at 37°C. DAPI was used to label extracellular DNA. H3-cit was immunolabelled in the absence or presence of the TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 (10 μM) or TLR4 agonist LPS (10 mg/ml). (b). (c) Measurements of extracellular DNA and NE levels indicated the presence of NETs after the treatment described above. (d) Western blot analysis of H3-cit, TLR4, JNK, p-JNK, ERK, p-ERK, P38, and p-P38 expression in neutrophils following the treatment described above. , , , .

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)