Patchouli Alcohol Inhibits D-Gal Induced Oxidative Stress and Ameliorates the Quality of Aging Cartilage via Activating the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway in Mice

Figure 2

Influences of patchouli alcohol (PA) on oxidative stress and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in D-gal-induced aging mice. (a) The mRNA expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in knee joint cartilage from aging mice given PA. (b) The mRNA relative abundance of catalase (Cat) and superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1) in D-gal-mediated senescence mice. (c) The expression of Nrf2 was evaluated using immunofluorescent staining. Scale bar, 100 μm. (d) The activities or contents of serum oxidation activity indicators such as CAT, glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and SOD were determined using commercial kits. (e) The activities or contents of CAT, GSH, MDA, and SOD in different organs (liver, kidney, spleen, and thymus) were determined by commercial kits. . and vs. NOR group; ^# vs. D-gal group.

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