Effects of Antioxidant Supplementation on Metabolic Disorders in Obese Patients from Randomized Clinical Controls: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Table 2

Statistical models of clinical outcomes.

Outcomes	Heterogeneity		Analysis	Summary statistic
	(%)	value
BMI (kg/m^2)	0	0.03	Fixed	MD
WC (cm)	13	0.02	Fixed	MD
WHR (mmol/L)	100	0.44	Random	MD
Leptin (μg/L)	69	0.19	Random	SMD
FM (kg)	78	0.51	Random	SMD
FBG (μg/dL)	45	<0.00001	Fixed	SMD
HOMAir	48	<0.00001	Fixed	MD
TC (μg/dL)	82	0.04	Random	SMD
TG (μg/dL)	0	0.01	Fixed	SMD
LDL (μg/dL)	0	0.03	Fixed	SMD
HDL (μg/dL)	62	0.03	Random	SMD
MDA (mmol/L)	84	0.001	Random	SMD
SOD (mmol/L)	54	0.0002	Random	SMD
TNF‐α (pg/mL)	31	0.03	Fixed	SMD
IL‐6 (pg/mL)	0	0.05	Fixed	SMD
CRP (mg/L)	0	0.86	Random	SMD
ALT (U/L)	0	0.34	Fixed	MD
AST (U/L)	0	0.55	Random	MD

BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; WHR: waist-to-hip ratio; FM: fat mass; FBG: fasting plasma glucose; HOMA-ir: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; MDA: malondialdehyde; SOD: superoxide dismutase; TNF‐α: tumor necrosis factor‐α; IL-6: interleukin-6; CRP: C-reactive protein; ALT: alanine transaminase; AST: aspartate transaminase.