Naringin protects human nucleus pulposus cells against TNF-α-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and loss of cellular homeostasis by enhancing autophagic flux via AMPK/SIRT1 activation

Figure 3

Effect of naringin on TNF-α-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. (a) ROS fluorescence under fluorescence microscope (). (b, c) Intracellular SOD activity and ATP levels in human NP cells. (d) Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was detected by JC-1 staining and measured by flow cytometry. The data represent the . Significant differences between groups are indicated as , , and , .

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