Ginkgolic acid improves bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting SMAD4 SUMOylation

<div>SENP1 mediated the deSUMOylation of SMAD4 in response to TGF-<i>β</i>1-induced ROS generation. A549 cells were either transfected with His-SENP1 or treated with BLM, GA, TGF-<i>β</i>1, or them in combination. (a) The fluorescence intensity of 2<span class="nowrap"><svg height="11.4859pt" id="M17" style="vertical-align:-0.04979992pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.4361 3.89517 11.4859" width="3.89517pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,0,-5.741)"><path d="M310 541L304 571C290 586 211 619 185 610L80 76L131 52L310 541Z"></path></g></svg>,</span>7<span class="nowrap"><svg height="11.4859pt" id="M18" style="vertical-align:-0.04979992pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.4361 3.89517 11.4859" width="3.89517pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,0,-5.741)"><path d="M310 541L304 571C290 586 211 619 185 610L80 76L131 52L310 541Z"></path></g></svg>-</span>dichlorofluorescein (DCF) in cells of each group was detected using a reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay kit to show ROS levels in cells of each treatment group. (b) WB analysis of the key oxidases that triggered the ROS outbreak to clarify the role of SMAD4 SUMOylation and SENP1 in TGF-<i>β</i>1-induced ROS generation. (c) A549 cells transfected with siRNA-SENP1 or treated with BLM, GA, TGF-<i>β</i>1, NAC, or them in combination were subjected to WB analysis to detect the levels of key protein involved in EMT. 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Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

fig6

Figure 6

Figure 6: Ginkgolic acid improves bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting SMAD4 SUMOylation 