Alteration in Redox Status and Lipoprotein Profile in COVID-19 Patients with Mild, Moderate, and Severe Pneumonia

Table 2

Lipid, inflammatory and oxidative and antioxidative stress parameters in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients with different disease severity in the first time point.

Parameter	Mild; (28)	Moderate; (23)	Severe; (39)
TC, mmol/L				0.580
TG, mmol/L	1.53 (1.14-1.94)	1.64 (1.18-2.75)	1.70 (1.20-2.30)	0.585
HDL-C, mmol/L			^a¥	0.016
LDL-C, mmol/L			0	0.739
oxLDL, ng/mL	205 (177-234)	240 (198-275)^a£	519.8 (297-688)^ab£	<0.001
LDL I, %				0.068
LDL II, %				0.886
LDL III, %		^a¥		0.024
LDL IV, %				0.624
sdLDL, %				0.423
HDL 2b, %				0.365
HDL 2a, %				0.057
HDL 3a, %				0.310
HDL 3b, %		^a¥		0.016
HDL 3c, %				0.149
HDL 2, %				0.109
CRP, mg/L	2.65 (0.80-8.68)	8.60 (3.50-50.60)^a£	58.10 (27.30-135.70)^ab£	<0.001
IL-6, pg/mL	3.60 (2.72-5.78)	5.40 (3.30-13.70)	12.40 (6.80-37.60)^a£	<0.001
TAS, mmol/L	1030 (882-1140)	1084 (940-1137)	823 (563-1022)^ab£	0.006
TOS, mmol/L	30.3 (22.8-40.8)	28.9 (23.5-41.0)	12.80 (9.8-19.6)^ab£	<0.001
SOD, U/L	146 (141-152)	144 (135-181)	103 (94-125)^ab£	<0.001
PON1, U/L	342 (218-812)	277 (184-643)	181 (115-545)^a£	0.036
O2^.-, μmol NBT/min/L	25.0 (19.0-32.0)	24.0 (18.5-36.0)	14.0 (1.3-21.0)^ab£	0.001
PAB, U/L	82.4 (63.0-94.3)	97.2 (86.5-113.5)^a£	104.8 (91.4-125.4)^a£	<0.001
MDA, μmol/L	0.411 (0.356-0.523)	0.497 (0.390-0.629)	1.260 (1.193-1.433)^ab£	<0.001
SH-groups, mmol/L	0.352 (0.318-0.483)	0.320 (0.236-0.467)	0.258 (0.212-0.326)^a£	0.001

Data are presented as arithmetic deviation, compared by ANOVA or as median (interquartile range), and compared by Kruskal-Wallis test. (a) Statistically significant compared to mild disease group. (b) Statistically significant compared to moderate disease group. (¥) was considered statistically significant (post hoc Tukey HSD). (£) was considered statistically significant (Mann–Whitney test with Bonferroni correction).