Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide Improves Neuroinflammation in Mice with Repeated Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury through the Nrf2-Mediated Antioxidant Response and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Signaling Pathway

Figure 5

NBP suppressed proinflammatory cytokine (PICs) production and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB inflammatory pathway after RCIR injury. (a)–(c) The concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were determined using ELISA kits. in each group. (d)–(g) Representative Western blots and densitometry analysis of hippocampal tissues showed the effects of NBP on TLR4, MyD88, and phosphorylation level of NF-κB (p-NF-κB) after RCIR. in each group. β-Actin was used as an internal control. (h) Representative immunofluorescence images showed the NF-κB reactivity (green) in the hippocampus. The nuclei were labeled with DAPI (blue). White arrows indicated the nuclear translocation of NF-κB in the four groups. . in each group. , the RCIR group vs. the sham group; ^#, ^##, ^###, the NBP80 group or NBP120 group vs. the RCIR group; ^$, ^$$, ^$$$, the NBP80 group vs. NBP120 group. Values are expressed as the .

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