Three participants with chronic poststroke Broca’s aphasia
Receives MIT treatment in hourly sessions, 3 days per week for 6 weeks
Percent correct information units in connected speech, number of correct syllables in the trained and nontrained sentences, and visual analog mood scales
Combination of rhythm and pitch induces the strongest generalization effect to nontrained stimuli and connected speech. No significant effect in motor-speech agility or mood
rTMS therapy (consisted of 3 treatment sessions) followed by 40 min of MIT
Western aphasia battery, fMRI
One patient has improvement in verbal fluency and repetition of phrases, while the other patient has no significant improvement. Neural activity changes are observed in the left Broca’s area and right Broca’s homolog
Six patients with nonfluent aphasia at least 1 year postonset of first ischemic stroke
Treatment sessions are administered one per day for 3 consecutive days. The stimulation period of tDCS lasts for 20 min and combines with 20 min MIT
Boston diagnostic aphasia examination, verbal fluency tests
Transcranial direct current stimulation plus MIT contributes to significant improvements in fluency of speech, by enhancing activity in a right hemisphere sensorimotor network for articulation
Six patients with nonfluent aphasia at least 1 year postonset of first left hemisphere stroke
Receives an intense fashion with 75–80 daily therapy sessions
MRI and DTI; behavioral tests include number of correct information units/min produced during spontaneous speech, picture descriptions, and descriptions of common procedures
MTI increases the number of arcuate fasciculus fibers and arcuate fasciculus volume and improves the speech outcome