Transdermal Administration of Volatile Oil from Citrus aurantium-Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae Alleviates Constipation in Rats by Altering Host Metabolome and Intestinal Microbiota Composition

Table 2

Potential biomarkers in rat feces after modeling ().

Name	Formula	Detected	VIP value	MC/BC	HMDB ID	KEGG
Protoporphyrin IX	C34H34N4O4	563.2598	1.49	↓^#	HMDB0000241	C02191
Uridine	C9H12N2O6	243.0648	2.09	↓^##	HMDB0000296	C00299
Nervonic acid	C24H46O2	365.3481	1.63	↓^#	HMDB0002368	C08323
Cer(d18:1/18:1(9Z))	C36H69NO3	564.5288	1.83	↓^##	HMDB0004948	C00195
Lathosterol	C27H46O	369.3463	1.43	↓^#	HMDB0001170	C01189
Lanosterol	C30H50O	409.3744	1.75	↓^#	HMDB0001251	C01724
Myristoleic acid	C14H26O2	191.1767	1.70	↓^#	HMDB0002000	C08322
N-Glycolylneuraminic acid	C11H19NO10	326.1047	1.46	↓^#	HMDB0000833	C03410
Glycochenodeoxycholate	C26H43NO5	432.3012	1.83	↓^##	HMDB0000637	C05466
Arachidonic acid (peroxide-free)	C20H32O2	269.2062	1.85	↓^##	HMDB0001043	C00219
Phytanic acid	C20H40O2	354.3308	1.52	↓^#	HMDB0000801	C01607
L-Glutamine	C5H10N2O3	145.0521	1.63	↓^#	HMDB0000641	C00064
Uracil	C4H6N2O2	113.0326	1.51	↓^#	HMDB0000300	C00106
Quinolinate	C7H5NO4	166.0165	1.62	↓^#	HMDB0000232	C03722
Alpha-D-glucose	C6H12O6	179.0571	1.57	↓^#	HMDB0003345	C00267
L-Serine	C3H7NO3	104.0343	1.44	↓^#	HMDB0000187	C00065
1,7-Dimethylxanthine	C7H8N4O2	180.0554	1.84	↓^##	HMDB0001860	C13747
D-Threitol	C4H10O4	143.0353	1.63	↓^#	HMDB0004136	C16884
trans-Dehydroandrosterone	C19H28O2	287.1868	1.56	↓^#	HMDB0000077	C01227
1-Methylnicotinamide	C7H9N2O	138.0576	2.16	↓^##	HMDB0000699	C02918
L-Asparagine	C4H8N2O3	113.0240	1.51	↓^#	HMDB0000168	C00152
Xanthosine	C10H12N4O6	285.0836	1.98	↓^##	HMDB0000299	C01762
D-Sorbitol	C6H14O6	163.0621	1.44	↓^#	HMDB0000247	C00794
4-Hydroxycinnamic acid	C9H8O3	147.0415	1.51	↓^#	HMDB0002035	C00811
L-Malic acid	C4H6O5	133.0146	1.52	↓^#	HMDB0000156	C00149
3-Phenylpropanoic acid	C9H10O2	149.0622	1.50	↑^#	HMDB0000764	C05629
Aminopterin	C19H20N8O5	439.1542	1.95	↑^##	HMDB0001833	D02527
Azelaic acid	C9H16O4	187.0997	2.05	↑^##	HMDB0000784	C08261
Deoxyadenosine	C10H13N5O3	252.1042	1.62	↑^#	HMDB0000101	C00559
1-Methylhistamine	C6H11N3	112.0843	1.64	↑^#	HMDB0000898	C05127

MC/BC: comparison between the model control group and the blank control group, ^# and ^##; “↓” or “↑” compared with the blank control group, the metabolites in the model control group decreased or increased significantly.