Atherosclerosis can affect any artery in the body, including arteries in the heart, brain, arms, legs, pelvis, and kidneys. As a result, different diseases, such as ischemic heart disease, carotid artery disease, peripheral artery disease, ischemic stroke, or chronic kidney disease, may develop based on which arteries are affected. Atherosclerosis-related diseases are a global crisis and require a global response, accounting for most causes of early death and disability worldwide. The increasing global crisis of atherosclerosis-related diseases is a barrier to development goals, including poverty reduction, health equity, economic stability, and human security.

There is a synergic action between genetic, ambient, local, and systemic factors, and ultimately the progression of atherosclerosis is responsible for coronary heart disease (CHD) and its complications, such as unstable “in crescendo” angina, myocardial infarction, and sudden death, as well as peripheral arterial disease and ischemic stroke. Recent investigations have shown that mitochondrial alterations, oxidative stress, and inflammation are inextricably linked and play major roles in the onset and development of atherosclerosis-related diseases, with long-term oxidative stress, autophagy, and vascular inflammation leading to atherosclerosis-related diseases. Evidence of oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy, mitochondrial dynamic dysfunction, and the interaction of these factors has been proposed.

In this Special Issue, we will discuss the role of oxidative stress in atherosclerosis-related diseases, and the interacting roles of oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy, and mitochondrial dynamic dysfunction in atherosclerosis-related diseases. We will also delineate treatment, rehabilitation, and prevention options for oxidative stress in atherosclerosis-related diseases and related risk factors. Finally, a particular mention will be made of the potential benefit of monitoring oxidative stress, inflammation, and autophagy in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis-related diseases. We welcome both original research and review articles.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of atherosclerosis-related diseases
• The physiological and pathological role of oxidative stress in atherosclerosis-related diseases
• Main prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for oxidative stress in atherosclerosis-related diseases
• Clinical translational research in oxidative medicine and atherosclerosis-related diseases
• Molecular links between oxidation, inflammation, and autophagy in atherosclerosis-related diseases
• Oxidative stress and DNA damage in atherosclerosis-related diseases
• The potential benefit of monitoring oxidative stress and inflammation in the prevention of atherosclerosis-related diseases
• Oxidative stress and inflammation as targets for novel preventive and therapeutic approaches in atherosclerosis-related diseases
• The role of redox signaling and oxidative stress pathways in atherosclerosis-related diseases
• Reactive oxygen species generation and impact on tissue oxidation in atherosclerosis-related diseases