Aging is thought to be associated with the emergence of major diseases and a general decline in physical and cognitive function. These nutraceuticals may aid in improving the productivity and quality of life of the elderly. The relationship between diet and aging is quite intriguing. Antioxidants and a reduction in caloric intake help to slow the aging process. There is strong evidence that caloric restriction without malnutrition is the most effective environmental manipulation for extending lifespan.

Oxygen serves a variety of functions in the body. It is required for life to continue; however, oxygen also produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are harmful to health and are one of the major causes of aging. In addition to a healthy diet and a good lifestyle, antioxidants (natural/ synthetic) are also required to improve quality of life and slow the aging process. Antioxidants (vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D, and vitamin E, adaptogens, glutathione, coenzyme Q10, isoflavones, anthocyanins and probiotics) and microelements such as iron, selenium, zinc, and manganese help slow the aging process by reducing the amount of ROS in cells, resulting in an increase in organisms’ life span. A variety of nutraceuticals were reported to mimic the effect of caloric restriction by modulating the activity of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor signalling and sirtuin activity and consequently promote longevity.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to highlight the importance of antiaging nutraceuticals (natural and/or synthetic) and to discuss modern aging theories. It is intended to summarize the main findings on nutraceuticals, which are thought to slow aging by delaying or even preventing the development of a range of chronic conditions. Furthermore, original research articles and reviews on the role of antiaging nutraceuticals as antioxidants and their mechanisms for extending life are encouraged.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Nutraceuticals
• Quality of life through natural products
• Safest mode of treatments
• Antioxidants
• Anti-aging tools and theories
• Malnutrition and its drastic effects on life
• Microelements promoting longevity
• Variety of natural/synthetic antioxidants
• Immune boosters
• Nutraceuticals vs pharmaceuticals